The metric for AI is whether it's improving the lives of conscious creatures. AI's capability is going vertical. The things that actually matter for human beings are mostly still improving — slowly, on their own long curves. Here are both, for the whole planet, side by side.
The AI curve
Frontier training compute has climbed by roughly nine orders of magnitude since 2012 — a billionfold. What a model can do in one sitting is doubling about every seven months. This column is a set of hockey sticks.
The human curve
Extreme poverty, child mortality, and hunger keep falling; life expectancy, literacy, and electricity keep rising. Real progress — but gentle slopes, and no visible bend where the AI curve took off.
AI capability
what machines can now do — Epoch AI, METR
Frontier model training compute
log₁₀ FLOP (largest model that year)
10^26.72025+9 orders since 2012
The largest training compute (in floating-point operations) of any notable model published that year, on a log scale. AI capability is a story of compute.
The length of task (in the time it takes a human) that a frontier model can finish with 50% reliability. Doubling roughly every 7 months. Frozen citation read from METR's published figure.
The most important part of the question is the hardest to source. These have no clean, redistributable global time series — so the honest move is to name them, not fake them. This is the frontier of the site.